Purpose: The study examined the influence of financial literacy on household investment decisions in Ghana, with particular attention to the moderating effects of income level and access to financial institutions. The study aimed to provide empirical evidence on how financial knowledge, resources, and institutional access jointly shape household investment behavior.

Methodology/Design: A quantitative research design was adopted. Data were collected from 420 households across selected urban and rural areas in Ghana using a structured questionnaire. Stratified random sampling ensured representation across income levels and geographic locations. Reliability and validity of the instrument were confirmed through Cronbach’s alpha and factor analysis. Multiple regression analysis was employed to test three hypotheses concerning the direct effect of financial literacy and the moderating roles of income and access to financial institutions.

Findings: The results revealed that financial literacy significantly and positively influenced household investment decisions. Additionally, higher income levels and better access to financial institutions strengthened this relationship, indicating that knowledge is more effective when supported by financial resources and infrastructure.

Implications: The findings highlight the need for targeted financial education programs, policies promoting financial inclusion, and initiatives to enhance household income to improve investment behavior.